
What is a self tanner?
A self tanner is a cosmetic product that is used to darken or tan the skin without the need for exposure to the sun. It is also known as the sunless tanner or fake tan. Self-tanners usually contain an active ingredient called dihydroxyacetone (DHA), which reacts with the amino acids in the top layer of the skin to produce a temporary brown coloration. This color typically lasts for several days and gradually fades as the skin naturally exfoliates. Self-tanners are available in various forms such as lotions, sprays, gels, and mousses, and they can be applied to the body and face to achieve a desired tan or enhance the natural skin tone. It’s important to follow the instructions provided by the self-tanner to achieve the best results and avoid streaking or uneven coloration.

How self tanner works?
Self-tanners work by using a chemical called dihydroxyacetone (DHA) as the active ingredient. DHA is a colorless sugar that reacts with the amino acids in the outermost layer of the skin, known as the stratum corneum. When DHA comes into contact with the amino acids, a chemical reaction called the Maillard reaction occurs, resulting in the production of pigments called melanoidins.
These melanoidin’s darken the skin temporarily, creating the appearance of a tan. It’s important to note that the color change produced by self-tanners is only on the surface of the skin and does not involve the production of melanin, the pigment responsible for natural tanning through sun exposure.
Once applied, self-tanners take some time to develop fully. The initial application may not immediately show the desired color, and it typically takes a few hours for the DHA to interact with the amino acids and produce the tan effect. During this time, it’s important to avoid getting wet or sweating excessively, as it can disrupt the reaction and result in a patchy tan.
The depth of the tan achieved with a self-tanner depends on factors such as the concentration of DHA in the product, the amount applied, and individual skin characteristics. The color typically lasts for several days before gradually fading as the dead skin cells naturally shed. To maintain the tan, regular reapplication is necessary.
It’s essential to follow the instructions provided by the self-tanner and perform a patch test on a small area of skin before applying it to the entire body. This helps ensure that you don’t have any adverse reactions or allergies to the product. Additionally, exfoliating the skin before application and moisturizing afterward can help achieve a more even and longer-lasting tan.

Self-tanners, when used as directed, are generally considered safe for most individuals. However, it’s important to be aware of potential risks and take necessary precautions:
Allergic Reactions: Some people may be allergic to the ingredients in self-tanners, particularly DHA. It’s recommended to perform a patch test before applying the product to the entire body to check for any adverse reactions.
Inhalation: When using self-tanning sprays or aerosols, there is a risk of inhaling the product, which can potentially irritate the lungs. It’s important to use these products in a well-ventilated area and avoid spraying directly on the face.
Sun Protection: Self-tanners do not provide any sun protection. It’s essential to continue using sunscreen while using self-tanners to protect your skin from the harmful effects of UV rays.
Staining and Discoloration: Improper application or not following instructions can lead to streaks, uneven coloration, or orange tones. It’s important to exfoliate and moisturize the skin beforehand, apply the product evenly, and blend it well to minimize these issues.
Eye and Mouth Contact: Self-tanners should not come into contact with the eyes, mouth, or other mucous membranes. If accidental contact occurs, rinse thoroughly with water.
Drying Effects: Self-tanners can sometimes have a drying effect on the skin. It’s recommended to moisturize regularly to keep the skin hydrated.
It’s always a good idea to consult the instructions provided with the self-tanner and follow them carefully. If you have specific concerns or underlying skin conditions, it’s advisable to consult a dermatologist before using self-tanning products.
